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기본보고서

지방자치단체 재정효율성 제고방안

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영문제목 Improving the Spending Efficiency of Korean Local Governments
연구자 이창균 하능식
발간연도 2008
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새 정부는 공공부문의 생산성을 높이고 국민에게 고품질의 서비스를 제공하도록 하기 위해 재정운용의 효율성을 강조하고 있으며, 지방자치단체들도 지역주민에게 질 좋은 공공서비스를 제공하고자 예산낭비를 차단하고 생산성을 높이는 예산절감 등에 많은 노력을 기울이고 있다.
   본 연구는 지방자치단체의 재정효율성 제고방안을 마련하기 위해 재정활동 과정에서 나타나는 비효율성을 유형화하고 예산과정별 재정지출 효율화의 방향을 모색하였다. 아울러 지방자치단체 재정운용에 있어서 규모의 경제 실현 및 자치단체간 협력을 위한 방안을 검토하였으며, 지방예산절감 평가체계 구축 및 지방재정 효율성 프로그램 도입 방안 등의 정책제안을 하였다.
The President Lee Myungbak's Government has emphasized on the efficiency inpublic sector to provide better services with a given resources. As a means ofimproving efficiency, in particular, budget-saving programs have been propelled bycentral government as well as local governments. According to the Ministry of PublicAdministration and Security, local governments are planning to save 10% of theirbudgets, amounted twelve trillion Won in two years. However, the budget-savingprograms are not well-prepared, and thus, could have many problems. Therefore, thepurpose of this study is to help improve the spending efficiency of local governmentsby many different approaches.First of all, in this study we measure the relative efficiency of Korean localgovernments in a non-parametric framework approach using Data EnvelopmentAnalysis. This allows assessing the extent of local spending that seems to be wastedrelative to the best-practice frontier. Our results suggest that local governments incapital area, with higher own-revenue ratio, and with larger population could achievebetter performance. Efficiency scores are afterwards explained by means of Tobitanalysis with relevant explanatory variables.We also classify the sources of inefficient spendings in local governments, andsuggest the ways of efficiency improvements. Local governments need to be morewilling to learn from the experience of others and to work jointly to achieveefficiencies. The large number of small local governments in Korea means that scaleeconomies are difficult to exploit and the policy options for overcoming this problemare discussed. Finally, we suggest that like the efficiency gains program in the UnitedKingdom, a new efficiency program for local governments has to be introducedbecause the current budget-saving program does not sufficiently reflect the basicconcept of government efficiency and thus may result in a budget-cutting program.

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